Comparative Analysis of Parallel Active Filter Control Methods by the Criterion of the Minimum Coefficient of Total Harmonic Distortion

Energy consumption is currently growing at an accelerating pace, evidenced by the mechanization of industrial and domestic sectors, rising energy costs for quality of life, and the advent of electric vehicles. At the same time, the rational and efficient use of energy sources is becoming increasingly important. In particular, the use of power active filters (PAF) is an urgent area in the electric power industry. The advantage of PAF is the ability to simultaneously compensate for both the reactive power of the electrical load at the fundamental frequency and higher harmonic distortion, which significantly improves the quality of electricity in distribution networks. The implementation of PAF control systems based on instantaneous power theory (pq-theory) has significantly advanced in recent decades. This approach provides effective compensation in steady-state conditions, but its effectiveness decreases with dynamic load changes. The most advanced PAF control methods are those based on neural networks and digital signal processing. In most cases, an adaptive threshold logic element (Adaline) is used as the basic element of a neural network. This element is a second-order digital FIR filter that can be configured using a steepest descent algorithm. This structure allows adaptive filtering of harmonic components in real time. Furthermore, the use of digital signal processing technologies makes it possible to use adaptive spectral estimation and interference suppression methods, which enable controllers to adjust their parameters in real time when the non-sinusoidal mode in the network changes. This is especially important when working with pulsed electrical loads, characterized by rapid changes in the spectral composition of the current. The present article analyzes known methods for controlling the PAF for electrical circuits when connecting a pulsed electrical load. It was found that the adaptive method is the most effective one in terms of minimizing the harmonic distortion coefficient (THD) of the current with a transient settling time of t £ 0,01 s, where the THD after connecting the PAF is 1.57%. This confirms the high efficiency of intelligent control algorithms for ensuring power quality in modern electric power systems.

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