Determination of Insulation Fault Locations in a Heterogeneous Power Supply Line

The purpose of the study was to develop an algorithm for the implementation of an accurate determination of the location and nature of insulation fault on the power supply line, which foundation is a mathematical model of the electrical network mode based on the theory of electrical circuits with distributed parameters. The achievement of this goal is based on the analysis and mathematical description of the replacement circuits of a distribution line with two power centers in the stationary mode with known propagation constants and wave impedances and in a fault mode. The equations of the model are described in detail, using the example of calculating typical modes of a 50 km long low-power distribution line with two power centers, it is demonstrated that it is possible to quickly, in the current time mode, obtain the coordinate of probable insulation fault and assess the degree of it, while an indication of an emergency mode was a voltage deviation at the outputs of the power centers. In general, the method for calculating the mode of the distribution line of an alternating current electric power system under consideration allows quick monitoring of damage or unauthorized connection of the load for the purpose of power take-off, while this technique is also suitable for analyzing a line with a single power supply center, and also makes it possible to quickly adjust the voltage of sources to control the load power at the required level. A promising area for further research may be the extension of the technique to branched lines with several load branches and power centers, which is typical, for example, for offshore electric power systems. In addition, a system for monitoring isolation and selective protection of branched loads can be built on the model under consideration.

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