Расчетно-экспериментальное исследование закономерностей формирования кипящего слоя инертного керамзитового материала

В настоящее время актуальной тенденцией развития топливно-энергетических комплексов ряда стран является диверсификация генерации за счет вовлечения местных видов твердого топлива. При этом термохимическая переработка топлива часто реализуется в псевдоожиженном состоянии. Существенная доля дисперсных видов топлива не может быть переведена в состояние стабильного псевдоожижения. Выходом в таких случаях является создание псевдоожиженного слоя инертного носителя, в который затем вводят частицы целевого топливного компонента. В настоящей работе предпринято расчетно-экспериментальное исследование псевдоожижения инертного сыпучего материала (гранул керамзита). Целью настоящей работы является разработка математической модели формирования псевдоожиженного слоя, позволяющей вести расчет процесса по его локальным характеристикам, а также идентификация параметров модели и ее проверка по данным натурного эксперимента. В ходе исследования решены задачи разработки численного метода расчета распределения скоростей и концентраций по высоте аппарата, выполнена параметрическая идентификация предложенной математической модели, эмпирическая проверка результатов моделирования. В качестве математической основы построения модели использован математический аппарат теории цепей Маркова. Для идентификации параметров модели и ее верификации использованы данные собственного натурного эксперимента. Сравнение расчетных и экспериментальных данных показало высокую прогностическую эффективность модели для известного гранулометрического состава ожижаемого продукта. Результаты натурных экспериментов показали также значительную эволюцию гранулометрического состава частиц керамзита при их длительном пребывании в псевдоожиженном слое, что требует отдельного исследования, а также введения соответствующих поправок в математическую модель для ее дальнейшего совершенствования.

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