Оценка эффективности сооружения ветроэнергетических установок на нужды теплоснабжения

В России, как и во всем мире, имеются районы, испытывающие различные проблемы с теплоснабжением, главным образом обусловленные высокой стоимостью органического топлива, ростом тарифов и загрязнением окружающей среды. В связи с этим поиск путей, способствующих энергосбережению и повышению энергетической, экономической и экологической эффективности работы современных систем теплоснабжения, становится жизненно важным. Один из них заключается в освоении и вовлечении в топливно-энергетический баланс особых видов энергии, к числу которых относятся возобновляемые источники энергии, в частности энергия ветра. В статье рассмотрен способ решения проблемы теплоснабжения, направленный на удовлетворение потребности в тепловой энергии целого поселка, путем использования ветроэнергетических установок совместно с котельной, работающей на мазуте. Выполнена оценка эффективности сооружения ветроэнергетических установок общей мощностью 1,7 МВт на нужды теплоснабжения поселка Териберка, расположенного на побережье Баренцева моря в России. Выбранный район характеризуется среднегодовой скоростью ветра 7,0 м/с и длительным отопительным периодом (9–10 месяцев в году). Как показали исследования, с финансовой точки зрения сооружение ветроэнергетических установок является оправданным: к завершению их планового срока службы может быть сформирована дополнительная прибыль, достигающая половины суммы первоначальных инвестиций. Ожидается, что полученные результаты восполнят недостаток информации о целесообразности сооружения ветроэнергетических установок на нужды теплоснабжения, что весьма полезно для других стран, в которых имеются похожие районы, испытывающие различные проблемы с теплоснабжением.

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