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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">energy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Энергетика. Известия высших учебных заведений и энергетических объединений СНГ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>ENERGETIKA. Proceedings of CIS higher education institutions and power engineering associations</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1029-7448</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2414-0341</issn><publisher><publisher-name>BNTU</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21122/1029-7448-2026-69-1-77-94</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">energy-2537</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТЕПЛОЭНЕРГЕТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>НEAT POWER ENGINEERING</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Нейронная сеть прогнозирования  теплового потребления здания</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Neural Network for Predicting Building Heat Consumption</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колосов</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolosov</surname><given-names>М. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Адрес для перепискиКолосов Михаил ВикторовичСибирский федеральный университетпросп. Свободный, 79/10,660041, Красноярск, Российская ФедерацияТел.: +375 0000-0003-4884-4889</p><p>MKolosov@sfu-kras.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Address for correspondenceKolosov Mikhail V.Siberian Federal University79/10, Svobodny Ave.,660041, Krasnoyarsk,Russian FederationТел.: +375 0000-0003-4884-4889</p><p>MKolosov@sfu-kras.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">MKolosov@sfu-kras.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Липовка</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lipovka</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>г. Красноярск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Krasnoyarsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Липовка</surname><given-names>Ю. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lipovka</surname><given-names>Yu. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>г. Красноярск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Krasnoyarsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Сибирский федеральный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Siberian Federal University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>69</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>77</fpage><lpage>94</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Колосов М.В., Липовка А.Ю., Липовка Ю.Л., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Колосов М.В., Липовка А.Ю., Липовка Ю.Л.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kolosov М.V., Lipovka A.Y., Lipovka Y.L.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://energy.bntu.by/jour/article/view/2537">https://energy.bntu.by/jour/article/view/2537</self-uri><abstract><p>Прогнозирование спроса на тепловую энергию необходимо для достижения оптимального управления энергопотреблением здания. Целью данной статьи является выявление важнейших факторов, влияющих на точность прогнозирования теплопотребления зданий с применением нейронных сетей, что соответствует национальной стратегии развития искусственного интеллекта РФ. В статье исследуется зависимость точности моделирования от различных комбинаций параметров окружающей среды, а также от применения разных функций активации нейронных сетей, широко используемых в практике создания систем искусственного интеллекта. Продемонстрировано, что модели машинного обучения, основанные на большом количестве данных о тепловом потреблении, имеют большие возможности в прогнозировании реальных моделей и тенденций потребления, а значение средней абсолютной процентной ошибки лучшей модели прогнозирования сопоставимо с величиной максимального предела допускаемой относительной погрешности измерений тепловой энергии измерительным каналом теплосчетчика. На основе данных, полученных с помощью разработанной системы дистанционного мониторинга индивидуальных тепловых пунктов зданий, продемонстрировано сравнение действительных значений теплового потребления и величин теплового потребления, полученных с использованием модели прогнозирования. Экономия энергии, теплоносителя и прочего на объекте не может быть измерена напрямую, поскольку она представляет собой отсутствие потребления. Поэтому универсальный подход с использованием искусственного интеллекта для технически обоснованного и экономически целесообразного метода прогнозирования результатов применения энергосберегающих решений для сравнения измеренного энергопотребления до и после внедрения энергоэффективного мероприятия может позволить повысить эффективность принятия решений в сфере сбережения энергетических ресурсов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Heat demand forecasting is necessary to achieve optimal management of building energy consumption. The purpose of this article is to identify the most important factors influencing the accuracy of forecasting heat consumption of buildings using neural networks, which is in line with the national strategy for the development of artificial intelligence of the Russian Federation. The article studies the dependence of modeling accuracy on various combinations of environmental parameters, as well as on the application of different activation functions of neural networks, widely used in the practice of creating artificial intelligence systems. It is demonstrated that machine learning models based on a large number of data on thermal consumption have great possibilities in predicting real patterns and trends of consumption, and the value of the average absolute percentage error of the best prediction model is comparable to the value of the maximum limit of the tolerable relative error of thermal energy measurements by the measuring channel of the heat meter. On the basis of data obtained using the developed system of remote monitoring of individual heating points of buildings, a comparison of actual values of heat consumption and values of heat consumption obtained using the prediction model was demonstrated. Savings of energy, heat carrier and other things at the object cannot be measured directly, because the savings represent the absence of consumption, so a universal approach using artificial intelligence for a technically sound and economically feasible method of predicting the results of the application of energy-saving solutions to compare the measured energy consumption before and after the implementation of energy-efficient measures may allow to improve the efficiency of decision-making in the field of saving energy resources.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>энергоэффективность здания</kwd><kwd>теплоснабжение</kwd><kwd>отопление зданий</kwd><kwd>нейросеть</kwd><kwd>искусственный интеллект</kwd><kwd>индивидуальный тепловой пункт</kwd><kwd>компьютерное моделирование</kwd><kwd>мониторинг теплопотребления</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>building energy efficiency</kwd><kwd>heat supply</kwd><kwd>building heating</kwd><kwd>neural network</kwd><kwd>artificial intelligence</kwd><kwd>individual heat supply unit</kwd><kwd>computer modeling</kwd><kwd>heat consumption monitoring</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wang, C. 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