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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">energy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Энергетика. Известия высших учебных заведений и энергетических объединений СНГ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>ENERGETIKA. Proceedings of CIS higher education institutions and power engineering associations</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1029-7448</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2414-0341</issn><publisher><publisher-name>BNTU</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21122/1029-7448-2022-65-6-481-498</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">energy-2213</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭЛЕКТРОЭНЕРГЕТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ELECTRICAL POWER ENGINEERING</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Универсальная имитационная модель деградации аккумуляторных батарей с оптимизацией параметров по генетическому алгоритму</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Universal Simulation Model of Battery Degradation  with Optimization of Parameters by Genetic Algorithm</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Добрего</surname><given-names>К. B.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dobrego</surname><given-names>K. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Адрес для перепискиДобрего Кирилл ВикторовичБелорусский национальный технический университетпросп. Независимости, 65/13, 220013, г. Минск, Республика БеларусьТел.: +375 17 293-92-16dobrego@bntu.by</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Address for correspondenceDobrego Kirill V.Belаrusian National Technical University65/13, Nezavisimosty Ave., 220013, Minsk, Republic of Belarus Tel.: +375 17 293-92-16dobrego@bntu.by</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dobrego@bntu.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Козначеев</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Koznacheev</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>г. Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Minsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Белорусский национальный технический университет</institution><country>Беларусь</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Belаrusian National Technical University</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт тепло- и массообмена имени А. В. Лыкова НАН Беларуси</institution><country>Беларусь</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>A. V. Luikov Heat and Mass Transfer Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>65</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>481</fpage><lpage>498</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Добрего К.B., Козначеев И.А., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Добрего К.B., Козначеев И.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Dobrego K.V., Koznacheev I.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://energy.bntu.by/jour/article/view/2213">https://energy.bntu.by/jour/article/view/2213</self-uri><abstract><p>Моделирование аккумуляторных батарей необходимо для управления режимом их работы и диагностики состояния. Важное значение имеет моделирование жизненного цикла – деградации базовых параметров в течение длительного срока эксплуатации.  Это обусловлено тем, что стоимость буферизации электроэнергии аккумуляторными батареями связана с их ресурсом циклирования, который можно увеличить, оптимизировав режим работы накопителя в энергетической системе. Для существующих моделей деградации аккумуляторов характерны специфичность, ограниченность работы по стандартизированным циклам зарядки-разрядки, математическая громоздкость. В статье предложен универсальный подход, лишенный вышеуказанных недостатков. Используется концепция непрерывного износа батареи в течение срока эксплуатации. Представлена простая эмпирическая модель, не рассматривающая детально характеристики состояния аккумуляторных батарей на протяжении отдельного цикла зарядки-разрядки, не включающая вольтаические переменные. Модель рассматривает интенсивность текущего износа аккумуляторной батареи как функцию состояния заряда батареи, температуры, силы тока внешней цепи и тока саморазряда, полного заряда, протекшего через батарею с начала ее эксплуатации. При этом величина износа (деградации) определяется интегралом функции интенсивности текущего износа по времени эксплуатации батареи. Для оптимизации параметров модели используется метод случайного поиска в сочетании с генетическим алгоритмом отбора. Построена соответствующая модель деградации параметров для свинцово-кислотной аккумуляторной батареи Delta GEL-12-55, где использованы данные о деградации емкости, приведенные в техническом описании от производителя. Показаны работоспособность алгоритма оптимизации параметров и адекватность полученной модели. Разработанная модель может использоваться для технико-экономических расчетов систем генератор – накопитель – потребитель, гибридных систем накопления электроэнергии, компактного представления больших объемов экспериментальных данных о деградации конкретных аккумуляторов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Modeling of batteries is necessary to control their operating mode and diagnose their condition. It is important to model the life cycle, i. e. degradation of basic parameters over a long service life. This is due to the fact that the cost of buffering electricity by batteries is associated with their cycling resource, which can be increased by optimizing the mode of operation of the drive in the energy system. The existing models of battery degradation are characterized by specificity, limited work on standardized charge-discharge cycles, and mathematical cumbersomeness. The article proposes a universal approach devoid of the above disadvantages. The concept of continuous battery wear during the service life is used. A simple empirical model is presented that does not consider in detail the characteristics of the state of batteries during a separate charge-discharge cycle, and does not include voltaic variables. The model considers the intensity of the current wear of the battery as a function of the state of its charge, temperature, the current of the external circuit and the current of self-discharge, the full charge that has flowed through the battery since the beginning of its operation. In this case, the amount of wear (degradation) is determined by the integral of the function of the intensity of current wear over the battery life. To optimize the parameters of the model, a random search method is used in combination with a genetic selection algorithm. The corresponding model of degradation of parameters for the Delta GEL-12-55 lead-acid battery has been constructed, in which the data on degradation of capacity given in the technical description from the manufacturer are used. The efficiency of the parameter optimization algorithm and the adequacy of the resulting model are shown. The model developed by the authors can be used for technical and economic calculations of generator – storage –consumer systems, hybrid power storage systems, and compact representation of large volumes of experimental data on the degradation of specific batteries. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>электрохимический аккумулятор</kwd><kwd>деградация аккумуляторных батарей</kwd><kwd>жизненный цикл аккумуляторов</kwd><kwd>ресурс аккумулятора</kwd><kwd>моделирование аккумуляторных батарей</kwd><kwd>генетический алгоритм</kwd><kwd>непрерывный износ аккумулятора</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>electrochemical battery</kwd><kwd>degradation of batteries</kwd><kwd>battery life cycle</kwd><kwd>battery service life</kwd><kwd>battery simulation</kwd><kwd>genetic algorithm</kwd><kwd>continuous battery wear</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мировой рынок накопителей энергии [Электронный ресурс]. 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