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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">energy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Энергетика. Известия высших учебных заведений и энергетических объединений СНГ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>ENERGETIKA. Proceedings of CIS higher education institutions and power engineering associations</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1029-7448</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2414-0341</issn><publisher><publisher-name>BNTU</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21122/1029-7448-2020-63-2-116-128</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">energy-1933</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭЛЕКТРОЭНЕРГЕТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ELECTRICAL POWER ENGINEERING</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Обеспечение надежности и эффективности электроэнергетики сельскохозяйственной отрасли республики в современных условиях</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ensuring the Reliability and Efficiency of the Power Industry in the Agricultural Sector of the Republic of Belarus in Modern Conditions</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Протосовицкий</surname><given-names>И. B.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Protosovitskii</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Забелло</surname><given-names>Е. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zabello</surname><given-names>E. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Адрес для переписки: Забелло Евгений Петрович – Белорусский государственный аграрный технический университет, просп. Независимости, 99, 220023, г. Минск, Республика Беларусь. Тел.: +375 17 377-63-42     kafeshp@tut.by</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Address for correspondence: Zabello Evgenii P. – Belarusian State Agrarian Technical University, 99, Nezavisimosty Ave., 220023, Minsk, Republic of Belarus. Tel.: +375 17 377-63-42     kafeshp@tut.by</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kafeshp@tut.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Прищепов</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Prishchepov</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дайнеко</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Daineko</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Белорусский государственный аграрный технический университет</institution><country>Беларусь</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Belarusian State Agrarian Technical University</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>03</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>63</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>116</fpage><lpage>128</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Протосовицкий И.B., Забелло Е.П., Прищепов М.А., Дайнеко В.А., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Протосовицкий И.B., Забелло Е.П., Прищепов М.А., Дайнеко В.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Protosovitskii I.V., Zabello E.P., Prishchepov M.A., Daineko V.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://energy.bntu.by/jour/article/view/1933">https://energy.bntu.by/jour/article/view/1933</self-uri><abstract><p>Обоснована необходимость совершенствования системы электроснабжения в сельскохозяйственной отрасли в связи с ростом доли нагрузок первой категории, требующих обеспечения адресной надежности. Совершенствование технико-экономических показателей централизованной генерации энергии, ее передачи по магистральным и распределительным сетям не может обеспечить высокую надежность потребителей первой категории, число которых в сельском хозяйстве постоянно растет. Отмечено, что если в энергосистеме при аварийном отключении генерирующего источника высокой мощности обеспечивается питание путем ввода аварийного резерва, то при аварийном отключении участка питающей сети электропитание может отсутствовать длительное время (до нескольких часов) у потребителей, запитанных по схемам как радиальной, так и закольцованной распределительной сети. Рассмотрены пути и способы совершенствования системы электроснабжения, такие как интеграция единой энергосистемы с источниками распределенной генерации, обеспечение их параллельной работы, управление нагрузками с применением сложных тарифов на электрическую энергию, учитывающих форму графиков нагрузки, модернизация технологических процессов с учетом их автоматизации и повышения технико-экономических показателей. Принимая во внимание увеличение объемов электропотребления для нужд отопления и горячего водоснабжения, рассмотрен вариант ликвидации перекрестного субсидирования, при котором повышается интерес потребителей к экономии электроэнергии и снижению платы за электропотребление путем изменения режимов работы оборудования и приборов. Анализ перспективных мероприятий по энергосбережению в агроэнергетике показал, что к режимным мероприятиям добавляются другие, обусловленные тем, что за последние десятилетия в энергетике сельского хозяйства существенно продвинулись в своем развитии силовая электроника и микропроцессорная техника, например для частотного управления асинхронными двигателями с короткозамкнутым ротором с высокими энергетическими и динамическими показателями. Поскольку в сельском хозяйстве существует ряд технологий, где электрическая энергия используется без применения установок электропривода и в каждом из технологических процессов имеются свои требования к надежности и качеству электрической энергии, рассмотрена схема взаимного резервирования от смежных подстанций с использованием источников распределенной генерации и технических средств автоматизированного энергоучета, контроля и управления электрическими нагрузками.</p><p> </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The necessity of improving the power supply system in the agricultural sector is substantiated by the growing share of first-category loads that require targeted reliability. Improving values of the technical and economic indicators of centralized energy generation and its transmission through main and distribution grids cannot ensure high reliability of consumers of the first category, the number of which is constantly growing in agriculture. It is noted that if the power system in outage of the generating source of the high power supply is provided by inputting the emergency reserve, then at emergency switching-off phase of the section of the mains, power supply of the consumers powered by the schemes for both radial and looped distribution network may be absent for a long period of time (several hours). The ways and methods of improving the power supply system, such as integration of a single power system with distributed generation sources, ensuring their parallel operation, load management using complex tariffs for electric energy that take into account the form of load schedules, modernization of technological processes taking into account their automation and improvement of technical and economic indicators, are considered. Taking into account the increase in electricity consumption for heating and hot water supply, we consider the option of eliminating cross-subsidization, which stimulates the interest of consumers in saving electricity and reducing the fee for electricity consumption by changing the operating modes of equipment and devices. The analysis of promising energy-saving measures in agricultural power engineering demonstrated that routine measures are being supplemented by other measures induced by the fact that power electronics and microprocessor technology have significantly advanced in their development in the agricultural energy sector over the past decades, for example, for frequency control of asynchronous motors equipped by a short-circuited rotor that has high values of energy and dynamic indicators. Since there are a number of technologies in agriculture where electric energy is used without the electric drive units application and each of the technological processes has its own requirements for the reliability and quality of electric energy, the scheme of mutual redundancy from adjacent substations using distributed generation sources and technical means of automated energy accounting, control and management of electrical loads, is considered.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>агроэнергетика</kwd><kwd>распределенная генерация</kwd><kwd>многоуровневый энергоучет</kwd><kwd>сложные тарифные системы</kwd><kwd>режимы работы</kwd><kwd>энергоэффективность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>agricultural power engineering</kwd><kwd>distributed generation</kwd><kwd>multi-level energy accounting</kwd><kwd>complex tariff systems</kwd><kwd>operating modes</kwd><kwd>energy efficiency</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Республиканское унитарное предприятие электроэнергетики «ОДУ». 30 лет. 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