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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">energy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Энергетика. Известия высших учебных заведений и энергетических объединений СНГ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>ENERGETIKA. Proceedings of CIS higher education institutions and power engineering associations</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1029-7448</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2414-0341</issn><publisher><publisher-name>BNTU</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21122/1029-7448-2018-61-5-385-395</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">energy-1394</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЩАЯ ЭНЕРГЕТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>GENERAL POWER ENGINEERING</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Моделирование тандемного тонкопленочного солнечного элемента на основе CuInSe2</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Simulation of Tandem Thin-Film Solar Cell on the Basis of CuInSe2</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Есман</surname><given-names>А. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Esman</surname><given-names>A. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Адрес для переписки: Есман Александр Константинович – Белорусский национальный технический университет, ул. Б. Хмельницкого, 9, 220013, г. Минск, Республика Беларусь. Тел.: +375 17 331-00-50    ak_esman@bntu.by</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Address for correspondence: Esman Alexander K. – Belarusian National Technical University, 9 B. Khmel'nitskogo str., 220013, Minsk, Republic of Belarus.  Tel.: +375 17 331-00-50    ak_esman@bntu.by</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ak_esman@bntu.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кулешов</surname><given-names>В. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuleshov</surname><given-names>V. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Потачиц</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Potachits</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зыков</surname><given-names>Г. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zykov</surname><given-names>G. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Белорусский национальный технический университет</institution><country>Беларусь</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Belаrusian National Technical University</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Университет гражданской защиты Министерства по чрезвычайным ситуациям Республики Беларусь</institution><country>Беларусь</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>University of Civil Protection of the Ministry for Emergency Situations of the Republic of Belarus</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>10</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>61</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>385</fpage><lpage>395</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Есман А.К., Кулешов В.К., Потачиц В.А., Зыков Г.Л., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Есман А.К., Кулешов В.К., Потачиц В.А., Зыков Г.Л.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Esman A.K., Kuleshov V.K., Potachits V.A., Zykov G.L.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://energy.bntu.by/jour/article/view/1394">https://energy.bntu.by/jour/article/view/1394</self-uri><abstract><p>Тонкопленочные солнечные элементы CuInSe2 зарекомендовали себя как перспективные материалы для солнечной энергетики. Одной из главных задач исследователей является поиск путей повышения эффективности солнечных элементов. В данной работе предложена оригинальная структура тонкопленочного солнечного элемента на основе тандемного соединения фотоэлектрического преобразователя, состоящего из слоев CuInSe2 и CdS, и термоэлектрического слоя, выполненного на основе CuInSe2. Трехмерная модель предлагаемого тонкопленочного солнечного элемента была реализована в программной среде COMSOL Multiphysics с использованием модуля «Теплопередача». Моделирование осуществлялось для географических координат г. Минска с учетом суточного и сезонного изменения как температуры окружающей среды, так и плотности мощности солнечного излучения спектра AM1.5, максимальное значение которой может быть достигнуто порядка 500 кВт/м2 при использовании концентраторов. Рассчитано распределение температуры и градиентов температуры в каждом слое солнечного элемента без стабилизации и со стабилизацией температуры тыльной стороны подложки, а также при отсутствии и наличии теплоизоляции торцов подложки. Приведены графики градиентов температуры термоэлектрического слоя и изменения температуры фотоэлектрического преобразователя солнечного элемента. В результате моделирования показано, в какой степени происходит неравномерный нагрев как поверхности тонкопленочного солнечного элемента, так и его слоев в условиях суточного и сезонного изменения температуры и плотности мощности солнечного излучения. При воздействии концентрированного солнечного излучения поверхность фотоэлектрического преобразователя солнечного элемента без термостабилизации подложки может нагреваться до 700 °C. Рабочая температура фотоэлектрического преобразователя на уровне не более 2,35 °C в январе и 14,23 °C в июле поддерживалась за счет термостабилизации тыльной стороны подложки предложенного устройства. Это позволило достичь увеличения выходной мощности солнечного элемента как путем суммирования фото- и термоэлектрических выходных напряжений, так и концентрации солнечного излучения.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>CuInSe2 thin-film solar cells are promising materials for photovoltaic devices. One of the main tasks of researchers is to find ways to increase the solar cells efficiency. In this paper we propose an original structure of a thin-film solar cell based on a tandem connection of a photoelectric converter and a thermoelectric layer based on CuInSe2. The photoelectric converter consists of CuInSe2 and CdS layers. A 3D model of the proposed thin-film solar cell was implemented in the COMSOL Multiphysics environment with using the Heat Transfer module. The simulation was carried out taking into account the diurnal and seasonal variations of both the ambient temperature and the power density of the AM1.5 solar spectrum for the geographical coordinates of Minsk. The solar radiation power density of about 500 kW/m2 can be achieved by using concentrators. The temperature pattern and temperature gradients are calculated in each layer of the solar cell without and with the temperature stabilization of the substrate back side as well as without and with the thermal insulation of the substrate ends. Graphs of the temperature gradients of the thermoelectric layer and the temperature variations of the photoelectric converter of the solar cell are given. As a result of the simulation, it is shown how the uneven heating of both the surface of a thin-film solar cell and its layers occur under conditions of diurnal and seasonal variations of both the ambient temperature and the solar radiation power density. Under concentrated solar radiation exposure, the photoelectric converter surface can be heated up to 700 °C without temperature stabilization of the solar cell substrate. The operating temperature of the photoelectric converter was maintained at no more than 2.35 °C in January and at no more than 14.23 °C in July due to the temperature stabilization of the substrate back side of the proposed device. This made it possible to achieve an increase in the output power of the solar cell both by summing the photoand thermoelectric output voltages and by the concentration of solar radiation.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>тонкопленочный солнечный элемент CuInSe2</kwd><kwd>численное моделирование</kwd><kwd>COMSOL Multiphysics</kwd><kwd>термоэлектрический слой</kwd><kwd>фотоэлектрический преобразователь</kwd><kwd>градиент температуры</kwd><kwd>термостабилизация</kwd><kwd>подложка</kwd><kwd>концентратор солнечного излучения</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>CuInSe2 thin-film solar cell</kwd><kwd>numerical simulation</kwd><kwd>COMSOL Multiphysics</kwd><kwd>thermoelectric layer</kwd><kwd>photoelectric converter</kwd><kwd>temperature gradient</kwd><kwd>temperature stabilization</kwd><kwd>substrate</kwd><kwd>solar concentrator</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Новиков, Г. 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